Living Well In the Life of a Pharmacist - 864 Words

Becoming a pharmacist is a very time consuming process. Students must complete all of the pre-pharmacy requirements, take licensure exams, and finally get into and graduate from an accredited pharmacy school with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree. While that might not sound like a lot, it takes eight years of hard work. A lot of undergraduates journey into the field with visions of dollar signs floating in their heads. Then they start taking their pre-pharmacy courses and decide that maybe becoming a pharmacist is not their calling. Many people have told me that hard work and determination going into a precise goal will get you anywhere you want to go in this world. My grandfather has told me countless times â€Å"Don’t blame someone else for you†¦show more content†¦The scientific portions of the requirement ask students to take sixteen credit hours of Chemistry, which include College Chemistry I and II and Organic Chemistry I and II. Students must also take eight credit hours of Biology, which include the courses Principles of Biology I, Human Anatomy and Physiology I, and finally Human Anatomy and Physiology II. Undergraduates also are required to take English, Literature, History, Fine Arts, Philosophy, Social Science, Statistics, and Physics (Smith). If you appreciate math and science, then pharmacy might be an option one might contemplate. However, that is a lot of work in only two years! When the going gets tough, the tough get going. Everyone I have talked to about college says that the first two years are the hardest, they did not lie! After all of the pre-requisites for pharmacy school have been met, it is time to take the dreaded PCAT. PCAT stands for Pharmacy College Admission Test. It is a standardized test administered to prospective pharmacy school students (Pearson). The best I have heard it described is an enormous version of the ACT. There are seven sections to be taken in about four and a half hours. The sections include Verbal Ab ility, Quantitative Ability, Biology, Chemistry, Reading Comprehension and two writing sections (Pearson). The writing sections should be the easiest because of the superb training I am now receiving by my instructor. Many students are spectacle aboutShow MoreRelatedLiving Well In the Life of a Pharmacist958 Words   |  4 Pagesget answers such as: astronaut, firefighter, or teacher. I was obviously not your typical ten year old. I wanted to become someone who helped sick people feel better. I was stuck between a doctor and a pharmacist. Because I do not do well with blood, I chose to become a pharmacist. Sure a pharmacist was not as â€Å"cool† as an astronaut, but I had a great reason on why I wanted to become a pill pusher. When I was eight years old my mother passed away from a liver disease. No one knew she had this diseaseRead MoreReflection Paper On Disease996 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems with disease conditions like chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis. Among the list of chronic diseases faced by people living in this area is cancer which is the leading cause of death in the area and this might be as a result of some exposure to chemicals from work place, life styles, and even from their environment. Another major chronic health disease faced by people living in this area is diabetes. Diabetes may be as results of poor diets, lack of exercises and other factors. Furthermore, asthmaRead MoreSince my uppper primary years, my ambition is to be a pharmacist. Initially, I wanted to be a1200 Words   |  5 PagesSince my uppper primary years, my ambition is to be a pharmacist. Initially, I wanted to be a pharmacist mainly to help people. Today, after going through different experiences, praticising pharmacy is more than just a way to help people; it is what I envisioned myself to be doing few years down the road for the rest of my life. I still remember my first encounter with a pharmacist. She is so patient and thoughtful, answering my questions in lay man terms and providing me details so I can understandRead MorePharmacy Essay615 Words   |  3 PagesPharmacy Pharmacists serve patients by providing information and advice on well-being. They also supply medication to patients in need of a better health. A qualified pharmacist must go through a certain amount and type of schooling to obtain certain degrees; these degrees will make an individual eligible to become a qualified pharmacist. Many colleges and universities across the United States offer great schooling to be part of this profession. There are many reasonsRead MoreThe Role Of A Pharmacist Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Today in the 21st century the roles of pharmacist have expanded tremendously. Before pharmacist had the role of solely dispensing drugs. Pharmacists were limited to only being regulatory or clinical pharmacist. Back then they were called medical purveyors who were much like today’s regulatory pharmacist and hospital pharmacist who are similar to hospital pharmacist. Now pharmacists carry many roles in healthcare. Pharmacist can play roles in public health, community, health systemsRead MoreThe Multi-faceted Role of the Pharmacist in Alberta Essay554 Words   |  3 Pagesrole of the pharmacist within Albertas health care system is multifaceted and constantly evolving. First and foremost, the pharmacist is a care provider who uses their knowledge, skills, and professional judgment to provide pharmaceutical care and facilitate management of patients medication and overall health. Subsequently, they are also a collaborator who work in concert with the team to provide effective , quality health care, and more importantly, to optimize patients quality of life. This isRead MoreTOEFL: An Obsticle for Foreign Pharmacists1040 Words   |  4 Pagesyear to start their dream in a better life. There’s no specific occupation that could be found significantly over another among the immigrants. There are foreign physicians, accountants, nurses, teachers, and pharmacists. All of them are coming to the US hoping in a better career and consequently better life. Over the last few years, the number of foreign pharmacists has been increasing tremendously. That made the National Association of Boards of Pharmacists (NABP) tightens their requirements inRead MoreWhy I Want Pursue A Career1744 Words   |  7 Pagesare very successful right now. Another reason is because of my aunt and uncle. They have made me realize that being either a doctor or pharmacist is a very good career to pursue because I can be a role model to their kids and that would want them to pursue a similar career. Basically I’ve been convinced to go for a career in the medical field throughout my whole life. I’m also in medical classes at school, so I already have plentiful knowledge of medical careers and I would be at a disadvantage ifRead MoreEmergency Contraception For Women s Reproductive Rights982 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussing, â€Å"If a pharmacist has the right to refuse health care services based on moral grounds.† Also, the article tries takes a look at the overall controversy and the laws surrounding the pharmacist’s refusal to provide health care. It helps educate the reader and show them that a pharmacist’s right to refusal is wrong and should not be allowed. They begin discussing how an individual’s views on emergency contraception correlate with when they believe life begins. If someone believes life beings at fertilizationRead MorePharmacy : Life, Death, And Responsibility1583 Words   |  7 PagesPharmacy: Life, Death, and Responsibility As the end of the year approached, I knew the controversial I-Search was bound to be assigned in the near future. Through my high school years, I have heard many things about the infamous I-Search and was quite intimidated. When I received the first papers to begin this project, a cold sweat ran down my forehead. What was I going to write about? To help choose a topic, the class was told to create a web about each of our lives. After completing my web,

Essay on Views on the Importance of Science - 1010 Words

Views on the Importance of Science Different people have different views on the importance of scientific concepts in comparison to other branches of knowledge. In order to determine if it is reasonable to believe that science is a supreme form of knowledge, firstly we must determine what knowledge is. Knowledge can be seen as the act of knowing or understanding gained through experience or study. Thus in order for something to be considered as knowledge it must be true to the person who has that knowledge based on the information available to them at that time There are many different branches of knowledge from science, to ethics, religion and history. Secondly, we must determine what science†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, the rate at which progress occurs in science and the amount of knowledge acquired about the world through Science is astounding especially when compared to the rate of progress at which humans acquire knowledge in other areas, such as philosophy or History. However, this does not mean that other branches of knowledge should be overlooked or that information gained through scientific procedure is always entirely accurate. The belief that science is the supreme form of knowledge has been widely viewed throughout history, dating back to Ancient Greece where Aristotle developed the scientific method. One movement in philosophy that believed in this view strongly were the logical positivists. Logical positivism began in the early twentieth century in Europe and believed that science, along with maths, were the only true types of knowledge. Although there are many positive aspects of knowledge gained through science, there are also many limitations to such knowledge. Firstly, it has been known for scientific theories to be proved wrong for instance in the past scientists believed that the earth revolved around the moon. This also addresses the problem of how knowledge gained through science is dependant on time and technology. 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ByRead MoreAnalysis Of Kuhn s Book On Scientific Research1323 Words   |  6 Pagesa widen view on how the research and approach on different paradigms varies from one scientist approach to another. It is important to acknowledge that effective research begins even before the scientific community has acquired answers to most delicate questions like the: composure of universe, interaction of fundamental entities of this creation, questions that might be asked and techniques employed to seek answers and solutions to these ques tions. He goes back to the classics of science such asRead MoreThe Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 1155 Words   |  5 Pagestwenty times as fast as her normal healthy cells, which eventually also died a couple of days after they started growing. The first immortal human cells were grown, which was a big breakthrough in science. The HeLa cells were spread throughout the scientific world. 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Auditors Liability in Global Financial Crisis

Question: Discuss about theAuditors Liability in Global Financial Crisis. Answer: Introduction Auditing is defined as the process of examining the books of accounts and certifying the financial statements of the entity based that examination. The audit is conducted by the members of an independent accounting body of a country (Gray and Manson, 2007). For example, the companies registered and operating in Australia are required to get their accounts audited by a practicing member of CPA Australia. The auditor owes duty to perform their work with integrity and objectivity to the owners of the company and to the public at large. In the circumstances of breach of fundamental principles of integrity and objectivity, the auditor becomes liable towards civil as well as criminal liabilities (Gray and Manson, 2007). This report is about an investigation carried out to find out the liabilities of the auditor in the cases of global financial crisis. The global financial crisis implies an economic mishap that affects all the countries around the world. The finical crisis always takes plac e exploiting the weaknesses in the governance and regulatory system of one country and then it becomes global financial crisis by spreading across the globe. In the context of this, the aim of this report will be to find out the liabilities of the auditors in the global financial crisis by identifying their role in the financial sector. Common Reasons for Major Corporate Collapses and Global Financial Crisis The common reason which has been found in all major corporate collapses is the failure of corporate governance (Clarke, Dean, and Oliver, 2003). Whether it is Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, or Lehman Brothers, the reason for failure of these big corporations was one that is weak governance system. The collapse of Lehman Brothers that occurred in the year 2008, affected the US economy badly (Panfilii, 2012). The research into the causes of failure of Lehman Brothers shows that it was failure of the governance system that laid the corporation to go into the fatal situation. The lack of good corporate governance and stringent accounting rules and regulations enabled the management to manipulate the financial statements. In the greed of jumping high in a quick time, the management overburdened the company with high debt. The financial statements were manipulated to so show the assets at values which did appear to be realizable in the normal course. The company was running its business with a ver y high leverage which gave rise to the risk of bankruptcy and ultimately in the year 2008 it went into liquidation (Panfilii, 2012). It is crucial to understand that whenever the big corporations like Lehman Brother fails, the entire economy of the country is affected (Panfilii, 2012). This happens because these corporations control the resources at the large scale. All the other entities linked vertically or horizontally with the failing company also get affected. Thus, the impact of failure of a large corporation is perceived on the entire economy. The failure of Lehman Brothers in the year 2008 contributed to the financial crisis in the United Stated. Further, failure of banking and financial sector in the United States took this crisis to the larger scale and it spread to other parts of the world resulting into a global financial crisis (Panfilii, 2012). Auditors Duty and Role After getting an insight into the common reasons of corporate failures and global financial crisis, it is important to understand the role of the auditor. It is really important to understand the work of auditor, his scope, and the responsibility areas before fixing any liability on them for corporate failures, scandals and the global financial crisis. In respect of a corporation, the auditors duty is to issue report on the correctness or otherwise of its financial statements. In this regard, the auditor is duty bound to adhere to the legal provisions of the statue governing audit of the corporations and the requirements of the auditing standards (Knapp, 2016). As far as there is no contravention of the legal provisions and the requirements imposed by the auditing standards, the auditor is not liable to any kind of corporate failure. However, if there is clear departure on the part of the auditor from the legal provisions and or the accounting standards, the auditor would be liable f or proceedings. The liability of the auditor could civil or criminal. Further, the auditor may also be liable for the damages caused to the third parties due his breach of duties (Knapp, 2016). The cases of departing from the legal provisions of the statue and the provisions of auditing standards fall under the category of professional negligence. However, it is quite subjective to establish the fact that the auditor committed breach of duty (Plessis, McConvill, and Bagaric, 2005). This is because the auditors work involves subjective judgments and application of the concept of materiality. The concept of materiality entails that the auditor can restrict his examination in relation to material items only. Further, the auditor is also not liable to proceed with the predetermined mind frame to find out some fraud or scandals. The auditor is liable to proceed with due and reasonable care. Now what does this due and reasonable care implies depends upon the study of circumstances in which the auditor performed his duties. However, in most of the cases, where it is apparently clear that the auditor would have found the fraud or irregularity had he performed normal procedures, lia bility would arise. The auditor is in no way liable to perform like a bloodhound but it is expected that he performs like a watch dog. In the cases when the auditor fails to perform like even a watch dog, it raises questions on his competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence (Plessis, McConvill, and Bagaric, 2005). Auditors Liability in Global Financial Crisis As has been discussed in the above sections that the global financial crisis does not happen due to the failure of any one corporation, rather it is the impact of overall failure of the sector or industry (Friedman, 2011). However, the size of the corporation that has failed does matter. If the corporation is as big as Lehman Brothers, it could really hamper the sector or industry and contribute greatly to the emergence of the financial crisis like situation. However, in these situations, if the governance system and regulatory environment is good, the financial crisis could be avoided. Thus, the financial could emerge only if the governance system and regulatory environment of the country is weak. It is essential to note that the auditors play a crucial role in building and maintaining the governance system and the regulatory environment. The auditors owe duty to seek compliance with the rules and regulations and report the instances of non compliance to the regulatory bodies (Knapp , 2016). The failure on the part of the auditor in discharging their duties properly could lead to serious damage to the governance system and which in turn becomes the reason for financial crisis (Friedman, 2011). Thus, it could be inferred that though the auditors may not be liable for global financial crisis directly, but their liability could be linked indirectly through corporate scandals. In this regard, it is important to analyze the cases of corporate scandals to find out the circumstances in which the auditor could be held liable for breach of duties and charged for being negligent in performing his duties. The three big corporate scandals namely Enron, WorldCom, and Lehman and Brothers are worthy to analyze in this context. In the case of Enron, three auditors from Arthur Anderson were found guilty and charged for professional negligence. The CPA licenses of these three auditors were revoked by the authorities (Edelman and Nicholson, 2008). Further, one of the auditors was also prosecuted for civil liabilities where he was found guilty and the court imposed heavy fine on him. Further, the court also found Arthur Andersen, the firm as a whole, guilty of professional misconduct. The aud itors of the firm were found to be reckless in preparing audit plan and assessing the risk of fraud and misstatement appropriately while preparing audit program (Edelman and Nicholson, 2008). The auditing standards require that the auditor consider the risk of fraud and misstatement while drawing out the audit program. In the case of Enron, the auditors did not consider the circumstances which were clearly indicating the risk of fraud or misstatement in the financial statements. Thus, it was a clear departure from the duties and the auditors were held liable for that (Edelman and Nicholson, 2008). Further, Arthur Andersen was also held liable for breach of due and professional care principles in the case of WorldCom. The auditors of WorldCom were also from Arthur and Andersen who were charged for being negligent in discharge of their duties (Lessambo, 2016). The auditors were debarred from practicing as professional accountant by the authorities. In the case of WorldCom, the company overstated its profits by capitalizing the revenue expenses. This breach of accounting principles and standards would have been caught by the auditors had they performed their duties carefully (Lessambo, 2016). Another recent case of corporate scandal is Lehman Brothers. In this case, the company materially misrepresented the financial performance by manipulating the financial statements for several years and ultimately collapsed in the year 2008 (Futures, 2015). The auditors were brought into question later on and in the year 2015 they were held liable for breaching the principle of professional skepticism. This principle requires that the auditor should remain always alert to the events and the circumstances which provide any indication of the fraud or irregularity in financial reporting (Johnstone, Gramling, and Rittenberg, 2015). In the case of Lehman Brother, it was held that the auditors did not follow professional skepticism. The court held that had the auditors been alert, they would have encountered the mess at very early stage which might have saved the company from failing. The auditors were fined for $10 million in this case (Futures, 2015). Therefore, it could be analyzed that the auditors can not be held liable for the global financial crisis directly and no penalty or persecution can be launched against them. However, the auditors owe duty to the individual corporations which they audit and they are responsible for any kind of default on their part in discharging audit function with reasonable and due care (Gray and Manson, 2007). The type of liabilities that the auditor can face could be civil, criminal, or third party liability. As can be observed from the discussion carried out in the above paragraphs, the auditors license to practice can be revoked, fine and penalty may be levied, and even prosecution can be launched for serious damages. Further, the auditors may also be liable to the third parties in certain cases if the third party has suffered due to the breach of duties by the auditor (Gray and Manson, 2007). Conclusion The discussion in this paper revolves around the issue of auditors liability in the case of global financial crisis. From the overall discussion, it could be articulated that the auditors are not directly liable for the global financial crisis because the global financial crisis is the result of many events. A single event that the auditors failed in discharging their functions appropriately could be not be the sole reason for the global financial crisis. However, the role of auditors is wide enough to help the economy and the society to build and develop, therefore, the auditors should have a sense of responsibility. They should work in the right direction to prevent accumulation of the events which could culminate into the global financial crisis. Recommendations The auditors owe duty to the entity and the owners of the entity, thus, they should be diligent in discharging their duties. The work performed by the auditors should help in building the nation from both economic as well social perspectives. The auditor should take responsibility to maintain and promote the integrity and objectivity. They should work independently and in an unbiased manner (Gray and Manson, 2007). References Clarke, F., Dean, G., and Oliver, K. 2003. Corporate Collapse: Accounting, Regulatory and Ethical Failure. Cambridge University Press. Edelman, D. and Nicholson, A. 2008. Arthur Anderson Auditors and Enron: What happened to their Texas CPA licenses? Journal of Finance and Accountancy, pp. 1-9. Friedman, J. 2011. What Caused the Financial Crisis. University of Pennsylvania Press. Futures. 2015. Auditor found liable for Lehman fraud.[Online]. Available at: https://www.futuresmag.com/2015/04/15/auditor-found-liable-lehman-fraud [Accessed on: 05 January 2017]. Gray, I. and Manson, S. 2007. The Audit Process: Principles, Practice and Cases. Cengage Learning EMEA. Johnstone, K., Gramling, A., and Rittenberg, L.E. 2015. Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit. Cengage Learning. Knapp, M.C. 2016. Contemporary Auditing. Cengage Learning. Lessambo, F. 2016. The International Corporate Governance System: Audit Roles and Board Oversight. Springer. Panfilii, A. 2012. Failure of corporate governance intention or negligence. [Online]. Available at: https://www.actionamresponsabil.ro/failure-of-corporate-governance-intention-or-negligence/17037 Plessis, J.D., McConvill, J., and Bagaric, M. 2005. Principles of Contemporary Corporate Governance. Cambridge University Press.

Maintaining biodiversity free essay sample

Biodiversity means the variety of life forms/organisms in an ecosystem, biome or entire planet. Globally, biodiversity is not evenly distributed. It generally increases from the poles towards the equator as around 50% of the world’s plants and animals live in tropical rainforests. This is because of the proximity to the equator causing a warmer, more moist, stable climate which means plants grow better and can support more species higher up in the food chain. Standard of living is the level of wealth, goods and services, which are available to a person or ground within a population. For development and to improve people’s standard of living, it’s often necessary to make use of the world’s biodiversity. However, it has become clear that we must preserve the current level of biodiversity so that we can maintain the carbon sink that rainforests provide and so that we can continue researching and finding developments in certain medicines that rainforests can provide. Human beings have exploited the tropical rainforests for many years now for their abundance of resources and their biodiversity. The moist exploited is the Amazon rainforest which has already lost 20% of its area forever. Deforestation is the single biggest threat to the rainforest; the prime cause of it is cattle ranching. This is when land is cleared to provide space for cattle ranchers to herd their livestock to help increase beef production. This activity accounts for 60% of deforestation in Brazil, which is having a major effect on the biodiversity of the ecosystem. The impacts of deforestation are wide. In the Amazon there have been problems with increased forest fires, soil erosion and decreased biodiversity, caused by habitat loss. Subsistence farming is another factor causing an increase in deforestation, being responsible for 25% in the Amazon. People migrate into the rainforest, clear areas of land and farm on that area as after 5 years it’s legally theirs. However, due to more people searching for plots there is greater pressure on the amount of available land. The logging industry is responsible for a relatively small level of deforestation, accounting for 3% in Brazil. Consequently, all these activity contribute together to the rapid loss of what is left of the rainforest and a large proportion of the world’s biodiversity. All of the resources that the rainforest provides could be lost in the next 40 years. The Grande Carajas mining project, Brazil as well as other individual projects have created a series of problems for the rainforests. The Grande Carajas project in particular is a large complex of open pit mines, which takes up more than 6miles of rainforest. Along with many other schemes of this nature, the Grande Carajas is contributing to the continued deforestation of the Amazon. In addition large areas were deforested to make way for the construction of The Trans-Amazonian Highway, which was meant to allow access in and out of several project schemes. After the highway was built evidence of soil erosion could be seen as the ground was left exposed due to the lack of vegetation. Access roads like this have been known to encourage settlements for the transport links they offer, and people will often settle close to the road, which leads to deforestation in order to create space. The HEP Project; the Tucurui dam also had similar affects to the Amazon. The reservoir created by the dam has an area of over 2000km, making it 5X the size of the Isle of Wight. This entire portion of the Brazilian rainforest has been drowned and the wildlife lost, there is also the possibility that unknown and endangered species were killed because of the creation therefore reducing biodiversity. Despite this, the scheme has been a key source for clean, renewable energy through the use of hydroelectric power; however the upset the project caused outweighs the benefits of the generated power. Sustainable development has been successful in many ways in minimising the loss of Biodiversity whilst creating economic development and wealth for countries with TRF biomes. Despite the damage The Grande Carajas mining project caused it has also aimed to be quite eco-friendly. It has resulted in the demolition of trees on only 1. 6% of its total areas. This has been shown to not of inhibited the project from becoming one of the world’s largest mines or from them supplying to countries such as Japan and Germany. Therefore, it’s not necessary to destroy the forest in order to achieve increased levels of wealth. Rubber tapping is an alternative industry to logging. It’s a process where rubber and latex are extracted from rubber trees. It’s an old tradition, which could be the reason for 63,000 families carrying it out on a daily basis. This type of sustainable development is successful, as it doesn’t involve cutting down or damaging trees so reserves can be established to allow rubber tappers to continue on the tradition allowing the culture to live on. This also provides jobs for future generations and gives them the opportunity to improve their standard of living. For centuries, tribal communities have extracted non-timber products such as fruits and nuts. One Acai palm tree produces 20kg of fruit annually which can be used to produce wine. Because the extraction technique doesn’t involve damaging the tree, deforestation rates have noticeably dropped, in spite of this Brazilian GDP has continued to increase. In contrast not all interests are shared in relation to preserving biodiversity. In spite of laws and restrictions approximately 80% of logging in Brazil is illegal and violates government controls and just 1% of logging is done sustainably. By law farmers are limited to 3 hectares per year, however this is very difficult to monitor and enforce so the limit is commonly exceeded. Ecotourism also aims to reduce the negative impacts caused by mass tourism. Whilst allowing people to visits places of natural beauty, tourists are encouraged to stay in self sustaining lodges/huts, use little electricity, dispose of waste safely and all income made from tourism goes to locals meaning the industry can be maininatined and improved for generations to come. For the Masai tribe, population pressure has meant overgrazing has left less and less space for their animals to graze even though their indigenous region is protected. The poaching of endangered species in these areas is also common, directly violating government regulations showing how insignificant the laws are to the people. Its imperative for ecosystems to maintain a high level of biodiversity as having a range of species helps maintain the ecosystem, i. e. : insects pollinate plants and animals disperse seeds. If one species dies out the entire ecosystem is affected. Biodiversity helps ecosystems adapt to the changing physical conditions, e. g. : If the climate changes in an ecosystem with low biodiversity all the species may die. When biodiversity is high, there’s a better chance that some of the species in an ecosystem will be able to adapt to the new conditions and survive. Reducing biodiversity threatens ecosystems and can be unsustainable. Humans rely on ecosystems to supply important natural resources such as food and fuel – when biodiversity is reduced; ecosystems are less able to produce these resources. This means that future generations won’t be able to make use of them to meet their needs. Personally, I would suggest that it’s not impossible to maintain the current level of biodiversity whilst improving the standard of living. As countries like Brazil have provide the momentum to push towards this goal as they was able to slow the rate of deforestation whilst still maintaining a high GDP. Giving proof that the world’s wildlife can be preserved and maintained whilst improving the economy and the standard of living. The creation of conservation complex’s such as the Central Amazon Complex has protected the surrounding area form major developments that might have impacts on the CACC. Ecotourism provides a source of income for locals and promotes conservation – in Mamiraua a low environmental impact ecotourism lodge has been built, which recycles waste and uses solar power. Reserves like this one are large and understaffed which makes it difficult to monitor and control illegal activities i. e. hunting. However initiatives that propose benefits for the local people may help deforestation rates etc to decrease as tax incentives as well as other benefits may give villages the tools needed to farm sustainably and help maintain biodiversity whilst achieving a reasonable standard of living which can only be built upon.